Map

Introduction:
chú ý thì của động từ: 2004 và 2024
The maps illustrate how a school site is planned to be developed over a 20-year period.
The map details a tiny, undeveloped island's transformation into a peaceful 'getaway' type of travel destination.
The diagrams illustrate some changes to a small island which has been developed for tourism.The map shows the growth of a village called Chorleywood between 1868 and 1994.
Overall: sự thay đổi nổi bật

1. Overall, there will be extensive developments with regards to construction of buildings, facilities and roads in the school site during these 20 years.
2. Overall, the village saw considerable growth in the development of new inhabited areas during this period which increased in volume as well as speed towards the end of the 20th century. Furthermore, the developments, both in the establishment of new populated areas and transportation routes, occurred over four phases
3. Overall, neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in Cransdon, Hindon and Garlsdon, the out-of-town site (S1) would probably offer more advantages.
4. It is clear that significant changes will be made in terms of the use of floor space in the gallery. There will be a completely new entrance and more space for exhibitions.
5. It is clear that the village grew as the transport infrastructure was improved. Four periods of development are shown on the map, and each of the populated areas is near to the main roads, the railway or the motorway.
6. It is clear that the island has changed considerably with the introduction of tourism, and six new features can be seen in the second diagram. The main developments are that the island is accessible and visitors have somewhere to stay.
7. Overall, a mostly barren, uninhabited island was transformed into a quaint, attractive tourist resort complete with lodging, a restaurant, and water sports facilities.

8 cấu trúc

• Từ chỉ hướng (The points of compass)

+ be located/situated in the west
+ lies in the west
+ can be seen in the west
e.g. northwest >> northwestern >> northward (adj) + northwesternmost >> northwards (adv)
>> look northward # observe northwards "for the sake of" look + adj
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1. The hospital is located (intermediate)|situated|placed|positioned  in the northwest corner|area|part|site|section of the map|city.
>> the possible location|sit
2. There is designated swimming area for tourists off a beach on the northwest tip of the island.
(tip dùng cho island)
3. In the northwest, there is a hospital.
4. The hospital is located north of the parking area.
5. North of the parking area is a hospital.
6. A hospital lies/is to the north of the lake.
7. The hospital is located in the westernmost section of the city.
--
8. Near both the northern and southern coasts, the lodging was composed of bungalows.9. From 1922 to 1970, along the southern part of the newly-built railway, two large areas took shape.
10. Looking southward from the reception area, the pier can be seen extending in the ocean into a T shape.11. Beginning in the westernmost section of the island, the beach now offered a swimming area.
(dùng ở đầu Body 1)
--> tạo complex sentences: đưa từ chỉ hướng lên đầu
--
12. A southbound motorway was built linking the railway and the eastbound main road.

• Từ chỉ vị trị (Other useful language of location)

1. In the centre of the town, there are two bridges crossing the river.
   (how abt: (1) "There are two bridges crossing the river in the center of the town"
   and (2) "In the centre of the town, two bridges cross the river"
   and (3) "Two bridges, in the centre of the town, cross the river"
   and (4) "Two bridges, crossing the river, are placed in the centre of the town"
   >> "in the centre of the town" phải đứng sau danh từ chính trong câu "two bridges", e.g. There are two bridges in the centre of the town.
   Câu (1) thì "in the..." ko biết bổ nghĩa cho "river" hay bridges", câu (2) thì 2 vế ko có quan hệ, nếu sửa thành "In the centre of the town, people built two bridges" thì lại ok. Câu (3) thì ok nhưng trông là lạ. Câu (4) ok
2. The other physical structures that have been added are a reception building, in the middle of the island >> "in the middle" đóng vai trò là "bổ nghĩa" cho "a reception building", bỏ đi cũng được. Nếu bỏ dấu "," đằng trước "in the middle" thì như 
3. On the bank of the river/On the coast of the sea/ocean

Between

1. S1 is located between the main road and the railway to Hindon.
2. Between the groups of bungalows, a large reception area and a restaurant were constructed.

close to/next to

1. Both supermarket sites are close to the railway that runs through Garlsdon from Hindon to Cransdon

above

1. The first possible site for the shopping mall, S1, is just north of the city centre, above the railway line, which runs from the south east of the city to the north west.

Động từ
Run along
>> The railway line runs along the coast.
>> Running along the coast is the railway line.

Connect/Link/Join

1. The main road connects Hindon and Garron.
2. The area's only road connected these two structures to the pier.
3. Hindon is linked to Garron by the main road.
4. the two original buildings are going to be joined together
5. There is also a short road linking the pier with the reception and restaurant, and footpaths connect the huts.

Separated

1. There were also two school buildings, accommodating 600 students altogether, separated by a path running from the main entrance to the sports field in the east.

Surround

1. The school was surrounded by woodland in the north, south and east

Từ chỉ chức năng

1. the island is accessible and visitors have somewhere to stay.
2. small huts have been built to accommodate visitors to the island 
3. the new facilities on the island include a pier, where boats can dock
4. in 1909 a railway line was built crossing|passing this area from west to east. 
5. the island is accessible and visitors have somewhere to stay
6. small huts have been built to accommodate visitors to the island
7. It is likely that the pier functioned, in part, to accommodate sailboats. 
8. At present, visitors enter the gallery through doors which lead into a lobby. However, the plan is to move the entrance to the Parkinson Court side of the building, and visitors will walk straight into the exhibition area
9. If it is built here, it will be next to a large housing estate, thus providing easy access for those living on the estate and in the city centre.

Từ chỉ số lượng

1. có ít: Before these developments|In its original state, the island was completely bare apart from a few trees.
2. In its original state, the island had no buildings, no facilities, no infrastructure, no vegetation and the only feature actually a part of it consisted of a few scattered palm trees. 
3. Several buildings, facilities, and other structures were then constructed to attract tourists.
4. Since then, another five living|residential areas| habitations were founded, scattering along the motorway.

• Cấu trúc chỉ sự xóa bỏ

Động từ:Nhà cửa bị phá bỏ: be deconstructed, vanish, be destroyed, be demolished, be knocked down
Câu cối bị chặt đi: be cut down, be devastated
Miêu tả cái gì biến mất nói chung: disappear

Danh từ

The destruction of, the demolition of , the devastation of, the disappearance of

The hospital was demolished/knocked down.
All the trees were cut down/chopped down.
The airport disappeared.

• Cấu trúc chỉ sự xây mới

New development
The residential area was built|constructed|erected.
A park appeared.
There was a construction of a park.

• A motorway was built to the east of the village, and from 1970 to 1994, further development of the village took place around motorway intersections with the railway and one of the main roads
•  A large golf course and park in the west of the town prevents this area from being available as a site.

• Cấu trúc chỉ sự thay thế

The replacement of something
The airport was demolished to make way for a new hospital.

All the trees were replaced by a stadium.

A stadium was established and replaced all the trees.
>> The housing area in the south of the town, on the coast, was replaced by residential blocks and a supermarket.
>> In place of the lobby and office areas, which are shown on the existing plan, the new gallery plan shows an education area and a small storage area.

• Cấu trúc chỉ sự kéo dài mở rộng
  the extension of, the enlargement of

The car park near the river was expanded/widened/extended|enlarged.
The school became bigger.

The railway was lengthened.
The permanent exhibition space in the redeveloped gallery will be about twice as large as it is now because it will occupy the area that is now used for temporary exhibitions.
The expansion of Chorleywood continued to the east and west alongside the railway line until 1970. 
Looking southward from the reception area, the pier can be seen extending into the ocean into a T shape. 

• Cấu trúc chỉ sự thu nhỏ

Be reduced in sizeBe diminished / the diminish of ST
The school was narrowed.
The car park became smaller.
The railway was shortened.>> The old path will then connect these to the new building number 3, no longer running to the main entrance

• Cấu trúc chỉ sự di chuyển

The stadium was moved/relocated to the north.

• Cấu trúc chỉ sự giữ nguyên

The airport still remained/existed.

• Tính từ/Trạng từ

significant, remarkably, dramatically, noticeable, considerable

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